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CENTRAL AMERICA

Central America Travel Primer
by Ron Mader

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PHOTO GALLERY: Nicaragua


ADVENTURE TRAVEL

Adventurous travelers will find unlimited opportunities in Central America. Diving, hiking, rafting and mountain biking are sports accessible to pros and novices alike. There are few places on the globe where travelers can enjoy such a diversity of landscapes. From lowland jungles and mountainous cloud forests to spectacular coral reefs and idyllic beaches, the region offers exciting places to practice to an array of adventurous sports.

Adventure travel has never been so popular in the region. Outfitters provide the logistics so that you can focus on the activities you like best. Some of the best options include rafting in Honduras and Costa Rica and surfing in El Salvador and Nicaragua. Belize offers multi-day hiking treks within the Toledo Community and jungle trails cross the Darien Province in Panama. Hang gliding is popular around Lake Atitlan in Guatemala. And true wilderness expeditions can be found in the Mosquitia region of Honduras and Nicaragua.

The world's second longest reef lies off the coast of Belize and Honduras. The Bay Islands are popular dive destinations, famous for their wall dives. Snorkeling and diving are also popular in Nicaragua's Corn Islands, Cahuita in Costa Rica and Portobelo in Panama.


BUSINESS TRAVEL

Executive travelers enjoy world-class services in Central America. Regional trade is on the rise and so is the number of business visitors and international conferences.

Central America boasts world-class convention centers and business facilities in all of its larger cities, particularly the nations' capitals. International and regional airline service offers frequent and reliable connections.

Executive travelers and conference organizers enjoy the sophistication of business tourism services, including fully-equipped business centers, conference rooms, simultaneous translation services, computer repair and fitness equipment. The larger hotels in the capitals stock foreign newspapers and magazines such as the Wall Street Journal, Miami Herald and Latin Trade.

If you are a planning an event, holding a meeting in Central America also means being able to offer participants the diversity of attractions the region has to offer.


CULTURE AND EDUCATIONAL TRAVEL

Central America boasts a rich blend of cultures, a mosaic of races and languages and timeless connections between past and present.

Travelers wishing to understand the region can explore the region's archaeological sites -- mainy named "World Heritage Sites" by the United Nations. In addition, you'll find living culture in theaters, local festivals and educational centers. Take special note of the holidays. Whether it's a Saint's Day, a town fair, or Carnival, there's always a celebration taking place somewhere in Central America.

Spanish is the official language in all Central American countries except Belize, where English is the national tongue. For students of any age, there are numerous language schools in the region that teach Spanish as well as indigenous languages.

Understanding Central America's unique cultural history is facilitated by visits to the numerous archaeological sites, including Copan in Honduras and Tikal in Guatemala. Stone petroglyphs are found on Omotepe and Zapetera islands in Lake Nicaragua.

There are also many museums, ranging from large galleries to community showcases. Some of the best museums include San Jose's Museo de Oro in Costa Rica. Displaying a plethora of pre-hispanic gold jewelry, it is without a doubt one of the best in the region. Another traveler's favorite is the Butterfly Museum in La Ceiba, Honduras.


NATURE TRAVEL

Ecotourism and nature tourism are on the rise throughout Central America, and for good reason. The entire region is rich in ecosystems, each with its own flora and fauna. There are more than 550 mammal, 900 reptile and 1,000 bird species. Whether you want to see a Quetzal or a Howler Monkey, Central America has the wildlife tours you've dreamed of.

Costa Rica first popularized the global ecotourism boom that is spreading throughout the region. National parks and reserves are found throughout the region. Enjoy a day hike with a local guide. Conditions vary from well-marked trails to jungle paths. Specialized groups take offer interpretive tours and bird-watching is becoming more popular every year.

Natural destinations abound in Central America. La Muralla National Park in Honduras is far from major cities but one of the most accessible parks in the country. Tortuguero in Costa Rica is the most important nesting area for green turtles. Western Panama boasts La Amistad International Park on the border with Costa Rica. The variety of climates has resulted in great biodiversity. More than 600 bird species alone have been registered in the reserve. Tikal is more than its famous archaeological site -- also a national park.

Finally, be sure to spend some time at the beach. Straddling both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans has given Central America terrific beaches. The Caribbean is lined with palm groves and the Pacific tends to have unusually golden or even black sands. Windsurfing is available on both coasts.


AUTHOR

Ron Mader is the Latin America correspondent for Transitions Abroad and host of the award-winning Planeta.com website.


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