CONTENTS:
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Methodology
1.3 Objectives
2. Government Planning Framework
2.1 National and Regional Planning Strategies
2.2 Inter-sectoral Coordination
2.3 Land-Use Planning
3. Developing a Sustainable Tourism Industry: Involving the
Tourism Sector in Biodiversity Conservation Planning
3.1 Basic Principles
3.1.1 Integrated Management
3.1.2 Greening Mass Tourism
3.2 Applying Environmental Tools
3.2.1 Minimising Negative Impacts
3.2.2 Zoning
3.2.3 Carrying Capacity and Limits of Acceptable Change
4. Active Involvement of Local Communities
5. Developing Ecotourism
5.1 Converting Ecotourism into a Key Segment of Sustainable Tourism
5.2 Inventory of Ecotourism Attractions
5.3 Integrating Ecotourism into Protected Areas Management Plans
5.4 Ecotourism's Contribution to Biodiversity Conservation and
Rural Sustainable Development
6. Controlling Quality
6.1 Legislation, Regulations, Standards, Guidelines and Codes
6.2 Certification
7. Institution Building
7.1 Education, Training and Interpretation
7.2 Developing Innovative Partnerships
7.3 Capacity Building
7.4 Developing Information and Communication Mechanisms
7.5 Business Aspects, Promotion and Marketing of Sustainable
Tourism
8. Physical Planning
8.1 Infrastructure Design and Site Planning
8.2 Ecodesign of Tourism Facilities
8.3 Waste Management
8.4 Energy Conservation and Alternative Energy Sources
9. The Role of NGOs in Linking Biodiversity Conservation and
Tourism
Appendix
I: References to the 12 BPSP Biodiversity/Tourism Country Studies
Appendix II: Glossary
Appendix III: Annotated Bibliography
Acknowledgements
The author wishes to acknowledge the very valuable participation
and contribution of the authors of the12 BPSP selected country
case studies on the integration of biodiversity into the tourism
sector, and also the constructive assistance of the following
persons: Dr. David Duthie, BPSP Programme Co-ordinator; Stephen
Edwards, Manager of the Ecotourism Development Program of Conservation
International; Elizabeth Halpenny, of Nature Tourism Solutions;
Lynnaire Maria Sheridan, Information Specialist of The International
Ecotourism Society; Oliver Hillel, Tourism Programme Coordinator
of the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics Production
and Consumption Unit; Pam Wight of Pam Wight & Associates; Eden
Shand, Protected Areas Consultant; and Jeff Violi, Ecotourism
Consultant. The author also thanks the Mexican authorities of
SEMARNAT, SECTUR and CONABIO, who generously hosted the International
Workshop held in Mexico City in March 2001.
Note. This is not an official
UNEP document, but a report delivered to the United Nations
Environment Programme, the United Nations Development Programme,
the Global Environment Facility and the Biodiversity Planning
Support Progamme in June 2001. Hector Ceballos-Lascurain is
the International Coordinator of the BPSP Study on Biodiversity/Tourism
and Director General of PICE ( Programme of International Consultancy
on Ecotourism) and is based in Mexico City. Web: http://www.ceballos-lascurain.com
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